HQ Team
December 18, 2024: Self-administered test for human papillomavirus, HPV, can help women self screen for risk of cervical cancer, according to a study. This could significantly enhance cervical cancer screening, particularly among populations that are traditionally underserved or are hesitant to come forward.
The study analyzed data from 855 women who tested positive for HPV using self-collection methods. It revealed that approximately 8.3% of these women had severe cervical precancer or cancer, with about 40% of those in the high-risk group requiring immediate treatment.
Risk stratification
Researchers categorized participants into three risk groups based on the type of HPV and viral load detected. Women with high-risk HPV types, particularly HPV type 16, showed a significantly higher likelihood of developing severe cervical conditions
The lead researcher, Jiayao Lei, suggests that women identified in the high-risk category should be referred for further investigation via colposcopy, while those in the low-risk group may safely be retested after 12 months.
This study aligns with recent guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which now recommends that women aged 30 and older have the option to self-collect vaginal samples for HPV testing instead of undergoing a complete pelvic exam. Dr. Esa Davis, a member of the USPSTF, emphasized the importance of this option in increasing screening participation among women who may feel more comfortable collecting samples themselves.
The FDA’s approval of self-testing kits last May has further facilitated this shift towards self-administration, allowing women to manage their health more proactively.
This is particularly crucial as persistent HPV infection is responsible for nearly all cervical cancers, and early detection can significantly improve outcomes
Future directions
The researchers plan to conduct larger-scale studies in Sweden to explore the integration of self-testing and risk stratification into routine screening programs. This could be especially beneficial in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare resources are limited.
Self-administered HPV tests represent a promising advancement in cervical cancer screening, potentially leading to earlier detection and treatment while empowering women to take charge of their health.
